Imagine this, you are lying in bed on your phone, and you start hearing voices, someone talking. You hear them telling you to do things, terrible things. They will not stop. You finally get someone to help you, and to your surprise they tell you that no one is there.
Schizophrenia is a long-term brain disorder that changes how someone views reality, sees the world, and gets along with others around them.
Schizophrenia affects about 24 million people around the world, which is around the population of Texas. It is not an unpopular disorder. In fact, anyone can be diagnosed with it, no matter their gender, race, culture, or religion. However, there are some main risk factors like family, having a parent who is diagnosed with schizophrenia makes it so you have a higher chance by 10% of having this disorder. If you have two parents with schizophrenia, you will have a higher chance of 40% of being diagnosed. If you have a twin who is diagnosed with schizophrenia you will have a higher chance by 40-65% of being diagnosed with this disorder. Another risk factor is how your birth went, being exposed to viruses at birth or even surviving a difficult childbirth can higher your chances of having schizophrenia. Even the age of your father can affect your chances of having this disorder. If you have a father who was 40 or over during your childbirth, you may have a higher chance of having schizophrenia. Even though this disorder’s general name is schizophrenia, there is more than one type.
There are four different types of schizophrenia symptoms, positive, negative, cognitive, and disorganization symptoms. Positive symptoms are symptoms that only appear for the people with the disorder. Some positive symptoms are hallucinations, delusions, movement disorders, and thought disorders. Another type of symptom is negative symptoms. Negative symptoms are functions that people normally have but are absent whenever a person has the disorder. Some negative symptoms are extreme lack of motivation, loss of emotion, loss of pleasure, and reduced physical movement. The third type of symptom is cognitive symptoms. These symptoms are a problem with someone’s thinking process. Some examples of these symptoms are trouble focusing, memory issues, making bad decisions, as well as bad functioning at work or school. The last type of symptoms are disorganization symptoms. These symptoms are a feeling of unreasonable thoughts, speech, and behavior. Some examples of disorganization symptoms include child-like behavior, impuslive thoughts, exaggerated movements, anxiety, and their speech may seem meaningless. Many of these symptoms will be used in a doctor’s diagnosis.
Doctors use DSM-5-TR whenever diagnosing a patient with schizophrenia. DSM-5-TR is a guideline for how many and/or how severe the symptoms must be to be diagnosed. Doctors use the DSM-5-TR whenever someone continues to show two or more major symptoms. The patient’s symptoms must also be present for 6 months. They also must have one month of active symptoms in order to be diagnosed. Being diagnosed is always super helpful because you will need it to get treatment.
The main treatment for schizophrenia is antipsychotic medication. A few types of antipsychotic medications are Thorazine, Clozapine, and Halod. 70% of schizophrenic patients improve with medication. The next step of treatment is psychosocial therapy. After a patient’s symptoms start to calm down, they will get therapy to help cope and deal with their symptoms. Sometimes medication and psychosocial do not help much, so the next step would be electroconvulsive therapy. Doctors use electroconvulsive therapy whenever medications the psychosocial do not seem to work much. This type of therapy is when a patient gets put to sleep by a doctor and gets a series of electric shocks sent to the brain. Each of these treatments lasts around 5-10 minutes. A patient would usally have an appointment 2-3 times a week for 2-6 weeks. Sometimes none of these treatment methods help and a patient may even have to be hospitalized. Patients with symptoms too severe for one to handle may need to stay at a hospital. Schizophrenic patients sometimes are violent, but they could be more at risk of harming themselves rather than harming others. Suicide is always a huge risk for individuals with schizophrenia, so sometimes going to the hospital is the best option.
Imagine how confusing and scary it must be to have the symptoms of schizophrenia, hearing voices, losing control of how you view reality, having impulsive thoughts. Thankfully, no matter what type of schizophrenia you have or what symptoms you experience, you can always find someone to help you out. Make sure if you have symptoms like these you get help because most people try to hide.